What is Liveness?
Liveness detection in biometric systems verifies that a biometric sample is from a real person, preventing attacks with photos or deepfakes, known as presentation attacks. There are two types of liveness detection.
Active liveness uses a challenge-response protocol, asking users to perform actions like blinking or nodding.
Passive liveness analyzes natural image or video traits—such as texture and reflections—without requiring user actions.
While both methods were traditionally effective, advanced deepfakes can now mimic active liveness protocols, making passive detection the preferred method for accurately identifying deepfakes.